Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate some immuno-haematological characteristics of Nigerian sickle cell disease (SCD) patients in asymptomatic steady state. Material and Methods: Thirty asymptomatic SCD patients and 30 apparently healthy age- and sex-matched non-sickle cell disease individuals were investigated. The packed cell volume, white blood cells and differentials, and platelet counts were done on automated blood cells counter, while the ESR was determined by Westergren’s technique. C3 activator, C1-INH, IgA, IgG and IgM were estimated by the single radial immuno-diffusion method. Results: The SCD patients had elevated ESR and a significantly higher total leukocyte count compared to the controls (t= 5.22, p= 0.000). A positive correlation was found between ESR and C3 activator (r= +0.449, p= 0.047), and between ESR and serum IgM levels (r= +0.531, p= 0.016). Serum levels of IgA and C3 activator were significantly higher in SCD subjects (IgA: t= 2.47, p= 0.019; C3 activator: t= 2.79, p= 0.009), while the levels of C1-INH and IgM, though higher in SCD subjects, were not significant.
Highlights
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disorder of haemoglobin that results in chronic haemolysis
This study was designed to investigate some aspects of immuno-haematological characteristics of Nigerian SCD patients in steady asymptomatic state
Complement component C3 activator, known as alternative pathway factor B, is a regulatory protein which combines with unstable C3b to form the more stable C3bBb that is capable of activating more C3 in the alternative pathway
Summary
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disorder of haemoglobin that results in chronic haemolysis. Several investigators have reported varying serum concentrations for these immunoglobulins in steady state asymptomatic SCD patients. While Adeodu et al [10] reported significantly high serum IgA and IgM; Mohamed et al11 did not find any significant difference in the complement and immunoglobulin levels in their SCD subjects.
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