Abstract
This paper gives a brief update on the status of the immunization and vaccine development in the WHO African Region. It also highlights the progress on the control, elimination or eradication of vaccine preventable diseases in the African Region.The paper reviews national immunization programme data as well as WHO-UNICEF Estimates for Immunization Coverage (WUENIC) in the African Region from 2012-2016.It revealed that there has been considerable success with the development and introduction of new vaccines in the Region. However, uptake of these vaccines has not matched the level of success in new vaccine introduction. This has made the goal of reaching high and equitable immunization coverage a mirage in the Region. Multiple barriers have been blamed for this, chief among which are inadequate commitment of national governments and weak community engagement to immunization service delivery in the Region. Steps are taken to address these issues, including sensitization of government of the African Region to prioritize Universal Access to Immunization as a Cornerstone for Health and Development in Africa. This is because it is argued that development efforts are link to the human beings for whom progress is targeted and/or agents that bring about development.Saving human lives therefore is critical to the realization of development goals. It is important that immunization coverage is universal to achieve the control/elimination of vaccine preventable diseases.
Highlights
Beyond the known health benefits[1,2], immunization has been associated with a number of other social and development benefits to the individual, household and community
The methodology used for the review of documents was mainly through the documentary approach to generate data to achieve the objective of assessing the progress made in immunization programmes in the African Region
New and effective vaccines have been successfully introduced in national immunization programmes
Summary
Beyond the known health benefits[1,2], immunization has been associated with a number of other social and development benefits to the individual, household and community. It is well documented that an investment in vaccines and immunization will yield 16 times returns for every one US Dollar cost, taking into account treatment costs and productivity losses[3]. When considering broader economic and social benefits the return on investment for immunization was 44 times the vaccination costs[4]. In 2012, the World Health Assembly endorsed Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) 2011-2020, as a framework towards optimizing the benefits of immunization and achieving a vision of expanded access to vaccines and immunization in an equitable manner[5]. IMMUNIZATION AND VACCINE DEVELOPMENT: Progress towards High and Equitable Immunization Coverage in the Africa Region.
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