Abstract
FOR the past few years, we have been engaged in this laboratory in studying the factors which govern the immunological specificity of carbohydrates. This problem has been approached by an investigation of the chemical structure of the specific bacterial polysaccharides themselves and by a study of the immunological properties of artificial antigens prepared by combining the aminophenol or benzyl glycosides of saccharides of known structure with protein. The latter method has been of particular value in revealing certain of the fundamental factors which govern the specificity of carbohydrates. The stereochemical configuration of simple hexoses1, the configuration of intramolecular linkages of disaccharides and the position of such linkages2 are all-important determinants in orienting the specificities of these saccharides. More recently it has been found that the conversion of the primary alcohol group of a hexose to the carboxyl group likewise alters the immunological properties of artificial antigens containing the hexoses, as opposed to those containing the hexose uronic acids3.
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