Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes vesicular disease of cloven-hoofed animals, with severe agricultural and economic losses. Here we present study using a sublingual (SL) route with the killed serotype Asia 1 FMDV vaccine. Guinea pigs were vaccinated using a commercially available vaccine formulation at the manufacturer’s recommended full, 1/4, and 1/16 antigen doses. Animals were challenged with homologous FMDV Asia1 strain at various times following vaccination. All control guinea pigs exhibited clinical disease, including fever, viremia, and lesions, specifically vesicle formation in feet. Animals vaccinated with the 1/16 and 1/4 doses were protected after challenge at days 7, 28, and 35 post vaccination. These data suggest that effective protection against foot-and-mouth disease can be achieved with 1/16 of the recommended vaccine dose using SL vaccination, indicating that the sublingual route is an attractive alternative for the administration of the FMDV vaccine.
Highlights
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a member of the genusAphthovirus of the family Picornaviridae, which is divided into seven serotypes with no cross-protection conferred among the serotypes [1]
Animals vaccinated with the 1/16 and 1/4 doses were protected after challenge at days 7, 28, and 35 post vaccination. These data suggest that effective protection against foot-and-mouth disease can be achieved with 1/16 of the recommended vaccine dose using SL vaccination, indicating that the sublingual route is an attractive alternative for the administration of the FMDV vaccine
To confirm the FMDV vaccine protects guinea pigs, the standard dose of the killed virus vaccine was adjusted to a 0.2 ml volume for SL delivery
Summary
Aphthovirus of the family Picornaviridae, which is divided into seven serotypes with no cross-protection conferred among the serotypes [1]. The FMDV 146 s antigen was formulated with saponin as adjuvant and formulated according to vaccine standards. The vaccines were administered at the different doses in 0.2 ml per guinea pigs. To confirm the FMDV vaccine protects guinea pigs, the standard dose of the killed virus vaccine was adjusted to a 0.2 ml volume for SL delivery. In trial A, 5 guinea pigs were vaccinated with each different formulation and challenged at 28 days postvaccination (Table 1). In trial B, we tested delivery full, 1/4 and 1/16 doses of killed virus antigen by SL delivery. 5 animals were tested at each above dose, and challenged at 7 days post-vaccination (Table 2). In trial C, 5 guinea pigs were vaccinated as above test at 35 days.
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