Immunity indicators in tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroiditis

Abstract

Objective — to study the parameters of immunity in tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus and with subclinical hypothyroidism against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis. 
 Materials and methods. 60 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus were under observation. In 30 patients with destructive tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis with subclinical hypothyroidism, the parameters of humoral and cellular immunity were studied. The control group consisted of 30 patients with destructive tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus with intact structure and function of the thyroid gland. In patients of both groups, we assessed the state of T- and B-systems of immunity, natural killers. 
 Results and discussion. The phenotyping of lymphocytes was carried out and the relative content of T-cells was determined: CD3+, T-helpers (CD4+), cytotoxic T-cells, B-lymphocytes (CD19+) and natural killer cells (CD16+). Using the enzyme immunoassay, the cytokine profile was determined: the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interleukin-2, -6 and -4. It has been established that in patients with diabetes mellitus, both cellular and humoral immunity are suppressed. But a significantly more significant suppression of immunity was diagnosed in patients with tuberculosis against the background of diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroiditis with subclinical hypothyroidism. 
 Conclusions. According to the authors, it is the deficiency of thyroid hormones that is the negative effect of a more significant suppression of immunity in patients autoimmune thyroiditis with subclinical hypothyroidism.