Abstract

背景与目的近年来,免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs)因其对非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者在延长生存方面显示出了显著的疗效而成为肿瘤领域的热点。但其介导的免疫相关不良事件(immune-related adverse events, ir-AEs)由于其特异性、严重性亦频发报道。本研究拟系统评价ICIs治疗晚期NSCLC患者所致ir-AEs,旨在为晚期NSCLC患者的治疗选择及ir-AEs的早期诊断和治疗提供参考。方法检索The Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMBASE等数据库关于ICIs治疗晚期NSCLC的随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial, RCT)。主要结局指标包括ir-AEs发病数量、级别。采用相对危险度(relative risk, RR)为效应量,各效应量以95%置信区间(confidence interval, CI)表示; 应用Stata 15.0/Revman 5.3软件进行meta分析。结果本文共纳入17个RCTs。ICIs所致ir-AEs一般多于传统化疗组。在ICIs单药治疗组中,抗细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-asscociated antigen 4, CTLA-4)组所致ir-AEs的总体发病率最高; ICIs联合治疗所致各级别ir-AEs的发病率高于单药治疗组,但其所致严重ir-AEs的发病率与抗CTLA-4组相似。结论ICIs与传统化疗毒性谱不同,其免疫相关毒性较传统化疗更强。ICIs所致ir-AEs具有器官特异性,不同类型的ICIs具有独特的免疫相关毒性谱。随着ICIs逐渐成为治疗晚期NSCLC的一种新型、有效的治疗方案,本文通过系统阐述ICIs治疗晚期NSCLC所致ir-AEs,为临床医生和患者对ICIs进一步的认识提供了帮助,并对ir-AEs的早发现、早诊断、早治疗提供数据参考及管理建议,使晚期NSCLC患者进一步从免疫疗法中获益。

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