Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a global pandemic threat with more than 11.8 million confirmed cases and more than 0.5 million deaths as of 3 July 2020. Given the lack of definitive pharmaceutical interventions against SARS-CoV-2, multiple therapeutic strategies and personal protective applications are being used to reduce the risk of high mortality and community spread of this infection. Currently, more than a hundred vaccines and/or alternative therapeutic regimens are in clinical trials, and some of them have shown promising results in improving the immune cell environment and controlling the infection. In this review, we discussed high-performance multi-directory strategies describing the uncontrolled deregulation of the host immune landscape associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and treatment strategies using an anti-neoplastic regimen. We also followed selected current treatment plans and the most important on-going clinical trials and their respective outcomes for blocking SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis through regenerative medicine, such as stem cell therapy, chimeric antigen receptors, natural killer (NK) cells, extracellular vesicular-based therapy, and others including immunomodulatory regimens, anti-neoplastic therapy, and current clinical vaccine therapy.
Highlights
SARS CoV-2 is the most recent (2019–2020) and third pandemic zoonotic coronavirus infection (COVID-19)
SARS CoV-2 infection as of writing has still been marked as a pandemic scenario throughout the world, with the United States, Brazil, and India being the top three leading countries in the COVID-19 pandemic
Multiple therapeutic strategies so far have been attempted in the past six months to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection and provide overall benefits to infected people
Summary
SARS CoV-2 is the most recent (2019–2020) and third pandemic zoonotic coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Activation of cytokine storm has been clinically detected in severe SARS-CoV-2-infected patients—which plays a critical role in the process of disease aggravation through deregulated immune cell function and number—and is considered to be one of the major causes of ARDS and/or multi-organ failure [4,5]. Effective blocking of cytokine storm can prevent the deterioration of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. We have elaborated our argument towards most important on-going clinical trials on cell-based therapy: mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), NK cells, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based; immunomodulatory cytokines, anti-neoplastic regimens, DNA/RNA-based vaccines, and preventive care for the treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
