Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) with PD-1 And PD-L1

Abstract

In the immune system, immune checkpoints play an important role in inhibitory regulatory. Molecules are essential for preventing autoimmune responses, maintaining self-tolerance, and minimizing tissue damage by controlling the timing and intensity of the immune response. In the past few years, immunotherapy has made remarkable achievements in the field of tumor treatment, among which programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors / programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors are currently the most clinically used ICIs, becoming a new means of treating tumors, and have significant efficacy in the progression-free and survival period of tumor treatment.PD-1 and PD-L1 are really important in ICI’s develop and drug discovery. In ICI, there are many important checkpoint(e.g. CTLA-4, LAG-3). This review systematically introduces the history and current development of PD-La and PD-1, as well as discusses the applications of ICIs and its potential side effects.