Immune aging marker associated with periodontitis in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Abstract

Periodontitis was reported more often found in SLE patients than healthy controls, 54.3% higher than healthy 28.2%, and was estimated related to autoimmune condition. Recently, SLE associated with the immune aging, SLE patients had similarities with immune system of elderly. Expression of IL-2 and IL10 associated with immune aging as T cell, were associated with cytotoxic activity, signaling and low number of naïve T cells were known as biomarker of immune aging. Objectives: To analyze correlation between periodontitis severity with disease activity, IL-2 and IL-10 levels in SLE patients. Methods: Subjects were 61 patients with SLE; SLEDAI score 0-42 collected from Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang Indonesia. Periodontitis severity was measured using Periodontal Index (PI) criteria. IL-2 and IL-10 levels were measured by using ELISA. Result: Clinical manifestations of periodontitis were bleeding gum 88.3%, high calculus index 44.9% found periodontal pocket 73.8% and loose teeth 13.2% among patients. PI score patients were 2.45±0.82. There were significantly positive correlation between PI score and SLEDAI score (r:0.930; p = 0.000), with IL-2 (r: -0927; p = <0.0001), with IL-10 (r: 0.886; p = <0.0001). Conclusion: Our study showed that periodontitis were associated with SLE disease activity, and biomarker of immune aging. Furthermore, biomarker could be predictor for periodontal condition, prognosis of periodontitis and best treatment for periodontitis on SLE patient.