Abstract
Gastrointestinal pathology, characterized by lymphoid nodular hyperplasia and entero-colitis, has been demonstrated in a cohort of children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Systemic and intestinal mucosal immune dysregulation was assessed in ASD children with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms ( n = 18), and typically developing controls ( n = 27), including non-inflamed controls (NIC) and inflamed GI control children with Crohn's disease (CD), by analysis of intracellular cytokines in CD3 + lymphocytes. In both peripheral blood and mucosa, CD3 + TNFα + and CD3 + IFNγ + were increased in ASD children compared with NIC ( p < 0.004) and reached levels similar to CD. In contrast, peripheral and mucosal CD3 + IL-10 + were markedly lower in ASD children with GI symptoms compared with both NIC and CD controls ( p < 0.02). In addition, mucosal CD3 + IL-4 + cells were increased ( p < 0.007) in ASD compared with NIC. There is a unique pattern of peripheral blood and mucosal CD3 + lymphocytes intracellular cytokines, which is consistent with significant immune dysregulation, in this ASD cohort.
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