Abstract
In this study, trypsin (Enzyme Comission 3.4.21.4) was immobilized in a low cost, lignocellulosic support (corn cob powder—CCP) with the goal of obtaining peptides with bioactive potential from cheese whey. The pretreated support was activated with glyoxyl groups, glutaraldehyde and IDA-glyoxyl. The immobilization yields of the derivatives were higher than 83%, and the retention of catalytic activity was higher than 74%. The trypsin-glyoxyl-CCP derivative was thermally stable at 65 °C, a value that was 1090-fold higher than that obtained with the free enzyme. The trypsin-IDA-glyoxyl-CCP and trypsin-glutaraldehyde-CCP derivatives had thermal stabilities that were 883- and five-fold higher, respectively, then those obtained with the free enzyme. In the batch experiments, trypsin-IDA-glyoxyl-CCP retained 91% of its activity and had a degree of hydrolysis of 12.49%, while the values for trypsin-glyoxyl-CCP were 87% and 15.46%, respectively. The stabilized derivative trypsin-glyoxyl-CCP was also tested in an upflow packed-bed reactor. The hydrodynamic characterization of this reactor was a plug flow pattern, and the kinetics of this system provided a relative activity of 3.04 ± 0.01 U·g−1 and an average degree of hydrolysis of 23%, which were suitable for the production of potentially bioactive peptides.
Highlights
One of the most important factors in enzyme immobilization technology is the support material because its characteristics determine the performance of the complex enzyme-support
The pretreatments induced a modification of the morpho-chemical structure of the corncob cob powder powder (CCP) due to hydrolysis that promoted effective lignin removal and the saponification of the ester bonds between lignin and the hemicelluloses [35]
These results indicated have been evaluated as of alternative to the current immobilization supports
Summary
One of the most important factors in enzyme immobilization technology is the support material because its characteristics determine the performance of the complex enzyme-support. The study of alternative supports for enzyme immobilization poses a challenge for the process because the support material must have physical resistance, hydrophilicity, ease of derivatization, resistance to biological degradation, a low cost of acquisition and high interaction between the enzyme–support per unit. Agroindustrial byproduct has great potential as an alternative technology in enzyme immobilization because of its physical characteristics, chemical composition and low cost, which is one of the most attractive aspects for industrial processes [2,3,4]. Corn cobs are an agricultural material that are employed as animal feed supplements and are used in organic fertilizer [7,8]
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