Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can produce extracellular polysaccharides that can be used as thickeners, emulsifiers, and gels in foods. The immobilization technology can effectively simplify and improve the separation and regeneration of extracellular polysaccharides. In this study, six strains of LAB, including the extracellular polysaccharide-producing strain Lactobacillus plantarum, were screened. The different immobilized carriers of sodium alginate, agar, gelatin-glutaraldehyde, and carrageenan were assessed for fermentation by these six LAB. Different diameters of beads were selected, and the optimum culture temperature, carrier concentration, and inoculum volume were evaluated. The results showed that the agar-embedding method was the best immobilization method and the optimum process conditions were as follows: 3% inoculum of L. plantarum, 30 g/L of agar as immobilization carrier with a particle diameter of 1 cm, and fermentation at 37 °C for 24 h. Through orthogonal experiments, the maximum exopolysaccharide (EPS) yield obtained was 1489.9 mg/L.
Highlights
The Lactic acid bacterial exopolysaccharides (LAB EPS) are either loosely bound to the cell surface or released into the surrounding environment during growth (Abedfar & Hossininezhad, 2016; Darilmaz & Beyatli, 2012; Deepak et al, 2016; Patel et al, 2012; Saadat et al, 2019)
3.2 Screening of extracellular polysaccharide produced by LAB
For each LAB, 5% inoculum was fermented in MRS medium for 24 h, and the EPS yield was measured after extraction and purification
Summary
The Lactic acid bacterial exopolysaccharides (LAB EPS) are either loosely bound to the cell surface or released into the surrounding environment during growth (Abedfar & Hossininezhad, 2016; Darilmaz & Beyatli, 2012; Deepak et al, 2016; Patel et al, 2012; Saadat et al, 2019). EPS produced by LAB have recently received increasing attention because of their health benefits to the consumers (Ishiguro et al, 2017; Mejia-Gomez & Balcázar, 2020). EPS produced by LAB possess various potential health benefits and have important functional roles in human or animal health including immunomodulatory properties, anti-cancer, antioxidant activity, anti-ulcer (Abid et al, 2018; Deepak et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2015), anti-biofilm agents to prevent adhesion of pathogenic bacteria, blood glucose (Oleksy & Klewicka, 2018; Kanak & Yilmaz, 2021; Pato et al, 2021) and cholesterol lowering properties (Korcz et al, 2018), and antihypertensive activity (Harutoshi, 2013). Some EPS form biofilms that cause hygiene problems, other EPS derived from LAB play a crucial role in improving the rheology, texture, and mouthfeel of fermented food formulations in the food industry (Dilna et al, 2015; Lee et al, 2011)
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