Immobilization of iodine waste in B2O3–Bi2O3–ZnO based materials: maximum solid solubility

Abstract

Maximum solid solubility is a key parameter for nuclear waste immobilization. In this study, the maximum solid solubility of AgI in B2O3–Bi2O3–ZnO based materials has been investigated at 500, 550, and 600 °C. XRD results show that maximum solid solubility of AgI is 1.97 wt% (iodine content is 1.1 wt%). Amorphous fraction results increase with the increasing temperatures. Porosity results reflect that the sample with a higher amorphous fraction shows a lower porosity. Under the maximum solid solubility, Ag and I elements are distributed homogeneously. This study demonstrates the ability of B2O3–Bi2O3–ZnO based materials to immobilize iodine waste forms.