Abstract
Detonation nanodiamonds (NDs) are a novel class of carbon-based nanomaterials, and have received a great deal of attention in biomedical applications, due to their high biocompatibility, facile surface functionalization, and commercialized synthetic fabrication. We were able to transfer the NDs from large-size agglomerate suspensions to homogenous coatings. ND suspensions have been used in various techniques to coat on commercially available substrates of pure Ti and Si. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging and nanoindentation show that the densest and strongest coating of NDs was generated when using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS)-mediated coupling to macroscopic silanized surfaces. In the next step, the feasibility of DNA-mediated coupling of NDs on macroscopic surfaces is discussed using fluorescent microscopy and additional particle size distribution, as well as zeta potential measurements. This work compares different ND coating strategies and describes the straightforward technique of grafting single-stranded DNA onto carboxylated NDs via thioester bridges.
Highlights
Titanium and titanium-based alloys have been used as implant material for a long time, due to their high ratio of tensile strength and Young’s Modulus, excellent corrosion properties, and high biocompatibility, respectively [1]
All Si surfaces were cleaned by boiling them for 5 min in acetone and ethanol; afterwards, they were rinsed with ethanol, and blow-dried using N2
In-house bead-milled 1 mg/mL aqueous ND suspensions were employed with a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 43 ± 2 nm at pH 12
Summary
Titanium and titanium-based alloys have been used as implant material for a long time, due to their high ratio of tensile strength and Young’s Modulus (σU/E), excellent corrosion properties, and high biocompatibility, respectively [1]. The rate and quality of osseointegration in Ti implants are strongly related to their surface properties. Hydrophilicity, and roughness are parameters that play a significant role in implant–tissue interaction and osseointegration [2,3]. In order to improve the biological, chemical, and mechanical properties, surface modification is often performed [4], using anodic oxidation [5], calcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite [6], bioactive glasses [7], diamond-like carbon (DLC) [8], and microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD). Of nanodiamond films [9]. MPCVD nanodiamond films possess biocompatibility and chemical
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