IMMOBILIZATION OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE ENZYME PURIFIED FROM Bacillus subtilis VSG-4 AND ITS APPLICATION AS CO2 SEQUESTERER

Abstract

The purification, immobilization, and characterization of carbonic anhydrase (CA) secreted by Bacillus subtilis VSG-4 isolated from tropical soil have been investigated in this work. Carbonic anhydrase was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex-G-75 column chromatography, and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, achieving a 24.6-fold purification. The apparent molecular mass of purified CA obtained by SDS-PAGE was found to be 37 kD. The purified CA was entrapped within a chitosan–alginate polyelectrolyte complex (C-A PEC) hydrogel for potential use as an immobilized enzyme. The optimum pH and temperature for both free and immobilized enzymes were 8.2 and 37°C, respectively. The immobilized enzyme had a much higher storage stability than the free enzyme. Certain metal ions, namely, Co2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+, increased the enzyme activity, whereas CA activity was inhibited by Pb2+, Hg2+, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB), and acetazolamide. Free and immobilized CAs were tested further for the targeted application of the carbonation reaction to convert CO2 to CaCO3. The maximum CO2 sequestration potential was achieved with immobilized CA (480 mg CaCO3/mg protein). These properties suggest that immobilized VSG-4 carbonic anhydrase has the potential to be used for biomimetic CO2 sequestration.