Abstract
An immobilization-free electrochemical sensor coupled with a graphene oxide (GO)-based aptasensor was developed for glycated human serum albumin (GHSA) detection. The concentration of GHSA was monitored by measuring the electrochemical response of free GO and aptamer-bound GO in the presence of glycated albumin; their currents served as the analytical signals. The electrochemical aptasensor exhibited good performance with a base-10 logarithmic scale. The calibration curve was achieved in the range of 0.01–50 µg/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) was 8.70 ng/mL. The developed method was considered a one-drop measurement process because a fabrication step and the probe-immobilization process were not required. This simple sensor offers a cost-effective, rapid, and sensitive detection method, and could be an alternative approach for determination of GHSA levels.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease caused by the presence of high blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, defective insulin action, or both [1,2]
glycated human serum albumin (GHSA) has been proposed as a biomarker for glycemic control in patients with anemia, pregnancy, abnormal hemoglobin, and diabetes accompanied by chronic kidney disease (CKD) [8,14,15,16]
Fe(CN)6 3−, which is a well-known electrochemically reversible redox couple, coupled with fore involved in converting the interactions between the receptor and target molecules a GHSA-specific aptamer to develop an immobilization-free electrochemical aptasensor into detectable measurements
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease caused by the presence of high blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, defective insulin action, or both [1,2]. The WHO recommends evaluation of blood glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as screening and diagnostic criteria for diabetes [9]. Measurement of HbA1c levels is generally inaccurate in patients with erythropoiesis, genetic blood disorders (thalassemia, anemia, or abnormal hemoglobin), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) [10,11]. GHSA has been proposed as a biomarker for glycemic control in patients with anemia, pregnancy, abnormal hemoglobin, and diabetes accompanied by CKD [8,14,15,16]. Considering the importance of GHSA levels in clinical samples, the development of accurate and efficient analytical approaches for GHSA measurement is required
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