Immigrants’ Inclusion in the Workplace in Romania. The Impact of Covid-19

Aurica Iris Alexe

doi:10.12681/hapscpbs.27669

Abstract

Immigration is a recent phenomenon for Romania which remains a net emigration country. The country is slowly transforming from a transit to a destination becoming more attractive for labour immigrants and immigrants for study purposes. Considering the need for evidence based policies, this paper provides an overview on the dynamic of the labour immigration in Romania and the profile and characteristics of the immigrant workers in terms of numbers, economic sectors and occupations and how and what are the mechanisms that ensure immigrants’ inclusion in the workplace in Romania. Moreover, the policy brief aims to analyse the impact that the pandemic of Covid-19 had on immigrant workers in Romania and what were the effects at macro and individual level, respectively labour immigration and immigrant workers’ access and participation on the national labour market.

Highlights

Immigration has both direct and indirect effects on the economic and social development of the community, cities, regions and countries (Boubtane et al, 2016; Borjas, 2019)
The relationship between immigration and economic growth depends on multiple variables, such as the size and composition of migratory flows, the structure of immigrants' qualifications and skills, the integration process, the size of immigration stocks in the country, the immigrant human capital potential translated in a smooth access and high participation on the national labour market as well as the long-term fiscal impact and the social state budgetary costs
During periods of economic growth (2007-2008 and 2018-2021), the labour immigration expressed in the number of employment permits issued to third country nationals has a sharp increase, while in times of economic stagnation or contraction, the labour immigration drops and/ or maintain a vol 2 | no. 1 | June 2021 http://epublishing.ekt.gr | e-Publisher: EKT | Downloaded at 08/11/2021 14:16:59 |

Summary

Introduction

Immigration has both direct and indirect effects on the economic and social development of the community, cities, regions and countries (Boubtane et al, 2016; Borjas, 2019). The authorities manage immigration and migrants’ integration at local, regional, national and European level aiming to reduce the negative consequences and maximize the benefits of immigration and immigrant participation in the economic, social and cultural life of the host society. The relationship between immigration and economic growth depends on multiple variables, such as the size and composition of migratory flows, the structure of immigrants' qualifications and skills, the integration process, the size of immigration stocks in the country, the immigrant human capital potential translated in a smooth access and high participation on the national labour market as well as the long-term fiscal impact and the social state budgetary costs

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Findings

Conclusions