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Abstract
The carbon steel is used in many areas due to its good mechanical properties; however, its low corrosion resistance presents a very important problem, for example, when carbon steel carabiners are used in the petroleum industry or navy, the possibility of an accident is higher due to carabiner failure. This phenomenon could occur as a consequence of the corrosion process which negatively affects mechanical properties. This paper study the possibility to improve its corrosion resistance by depositing on its surface a phosphate layer and a paint layer, and also aims to analyze the immersion behavior in saltwater of carbon steel, phosphate carbon steel, and phosphate and painted carbon steel. According to this study, by coating the carbon steel with a phosphate or paint layer, a higher polarization resistance is obtained in saltwater. Moreover, by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), it was observed that the corrosion rate decreases with the increase of the immersion time. Meanwhile scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) revealed that the main compounds which formed on the sample’s surface were iron oxides or hydroxy-oxides, after immersion for a longer period. The overall results show that all types of deposited layers increase the corrosion resistance of C45 steel.
Highlights
Carbon steels, due to their good mechanical properties [1], as well as their possibility to be processed, are a suitable choice for use in the manufacture of machine parts [5], accessories of fall arrest systems [6,7], vehicle bodies [8], shipbuilding [9], or in use in buildings, bridges, rails, pipes, [10] etc.Compared to other metallic or non-metallic materials, carbon steels have a low corrosion resistance [11,12,13]
Various methods have been attempted to improve the corrosion resistance of carbon steel; most of them are limited by the high manufacturing costs or complexity of the technologies
The quality and characteristics of the obtained phosphate layer highly depend on multiple parameters, such as the phosphating process parameters, the characteristics of the substrate surface, the chemical composition of the phosphate solution, etc
Summary
Due to their good mechanical properties [1], as well as their possibility to be processed (welded [2], chipped [3], deformed [4]), are a suitable choice for use in the manufacture of machine parts [5], accessories of fall arrest systems (e.g., carabiners, hooks, and pythons) [6,7], vehicle bodies [8], shipbuilding [9], or in use in buildings, bridges, rails, pipes, [10] etc.Compared to other metallic or non-metallic materials, carbon steels have a low corrosion resistance [11,12,13]. Various methods have been attempted to improve the corrosion resistance of carbon steel; most of them are limited by the high manufacturing costs or complexity of the technologies. The phosphating process consists of, with the help of a phosphating solution, a layer of zinc, iron, or manganese phosphate (depending on the major constituent of the phosphating solution) on the surface of the metal [20]. This layer is deposited on the surface, and forms bonds with the material, with high adhesion to the substrate [21]. The quality and characteristics of the obtained phosphate layer highly depend on multiple parameters, such as the phosphating process parameters (stages, immersion time, and temperature), the characteristics of the substrate surface, the chemical composition of the phosphate solution (solution pH, type, and concentration of the metal ions), etc
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