Immediate Weight Bearing Following First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Fusion with Kirschner Wire Fixation

Abstract

The general consensus regarding the postoperative management of patients who have undergone first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis is to maintain non-weight bearing for 4 to 6 weeks. However, a number of studies indicate that immediate postoperative weight bearing does not result in a higher rate of nonunion. A retrospective case series investigation was performed to evaluate the fusion rate of first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis using various forms of pin and wire fixation, and a postoperative protocol that involved immediate weight bearing with a padded surgical shoe. The impetus behind allowing immediate postoperative weight bearing stems from the desire to avoid difficult non-weight-bearing forms of ambulation in patients at risk for falling, and to enhance postoperative rehabilitation in patients at risk for other joint maladies, as in those suffering with rheumatoid and other polyarticular forms of arthritis. A total of 22 fusions (20 patients) were reviewed. Nonunion developed in 2 feet (9.1%), and a delayed union occurred in 1 additional foot (4.55%), for a total complication rate of 13.64% (3/22 cases) and a fusion rate of 86.36%. The remaining patients demonstrated radiographic consolidation of the arthrodesis. A crude rough comparison to previously published reports, wherein weight bearing was initiated anywhere from immediately to up to 2 weeks postoperative, showed that the rate of fusion observed in the patients described in this report was similar. This study demonstrated that immediate ambulation following first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion with wire fixation was safe and effective. 4.