Immediate outcome after percutaneous coronary revascularization in STEMI for left main coronary artery lesions

Abstract

Background: Acute coronary syndrome with ST elevation (STEMI) with a lesion in the left main coronary artery (LMCA) occurs infrequently; moreover, patients are at very high risk for mortality. However, limited data are available regarding the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of patients presenting with LM-STEMI treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (LM-PCI STEMI). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate patient clinical and procedure factors associated with in-hospital outcomes in LM-STEMI patients undergoing PPCI in a real-life registry. Material and methods: From 439 consecutive patients with LM disease treated with PCI in the prospective single-center Acibadem City Clinic UMHAT Tokuda registry enrolled between March 2013 and October 2022, we identifi ed 35 LM-PCI STEMI patients (8%). We analyzed baseline demographic, coronary lesion characteristics, procedural details and success, and in-hospital mortality. Results: Among 35 LM-STEMI patients, the mean age was 66.0 ± 16 years, and 69% were male – forty percent presented with cardiogenic shock (CS). The risk profi le of the overall study population was relatively high (mean Euro Score (ES) was 19.1 ± 22, while 54.3% were high risk with ES > 6). Radial access had a remarkably high proportion (68.6%), regardlessof coronary anatomic complexity being intermediate to high (mean Syntax Score (SS) was 29.5 ± 8,15, 42,9% had SS ≥ 32). The distal LM bifurcation was most commonly involved (82.9%), yet the provisional strategy (85.7%) was most often employed during emergent PCI. The observed overall in-hospital mortality rate was 25.7% (64.3% in pts presenting with CS vs. 23.5% without CS, p = 0.0166). Conclusion: STEMI from culprit LMCA lesion is associated with signifi cant mortality. Emergent LM PCI in unselected patients, including cardiogenic shock, is an appropriate and feasible treatment option for this high-risk group, with acceptable mortality and in-hospital survival rates.