Immediate Effect of Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection on Intraocular Pressure

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the immediate effect of intravitreal Bevacizumab on intraocular pressure (IOP) in eyes with retinal vascular disorders.
 Study Design: Interventional case series.
 Place and Duration of Study: Ophthalmology Department, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, from January 2019to July 2019.
 Methods: One hundred and thirty one patients were included in this study using non probability consecutive sampling. IOP was measured before intravitreal injection (baseline) and at 5 and 30 minutes post-injection. Descriptive statistics were obtained using SPSS version 21.0.
 Results: One hundred and thirty one eyes of 131 patients were observed for IOP change after intra vitreal injection of Bevacizumab. Among them 23 (18%) were males and 108 (82.4%) were females. Mean age was 57.57 ± 13.09 years. Mean IOP at baseline was 16.16 ± 2.52 mmHg. At 5 minutes after injection, 108 eyes (82.4%) had raised IOP, maximum IOP recorded was 44 mmHg. There was a statistically significant correlation between IOP at baseline and 5 minutes with p = 0.005 (≤0.05). At 30 minutes, 94 eyes (71.7%) had IOP fallen back to normal. Statistically, an insignificant correlation was present between IOP at baseline and 30 minutes (p = 0.081) post-injection. IOP rise was not significantly correlated to gender, age, hypertension and asthma at any interval (p value > 0.05). However, IOP rise was significantly correlated in diabetic patients at 30 minutes.
 Conclusion: IOP elevation has been observed after intravitreal bevacizumab in immediate post-injection period which warrants the monitoring of IOP in this critical period to avoid serious blinding complications.
 Key Words: Bevacizumab, Vascular endothelial growth factor, Intraocular pressure, Goldmann applanation tonometer.