Abstract
The fruit production for export is an economically significant activity in the Valley of S?o Francisco River, especially in the irrigated lands of Petrolina-PE/Juazeiro-BA, Brazil. The development of new genetic material most suitable to the tropical climate and the demands of the consumer market have led to the selection of new seedless grapes cultivars. In this case, the use of the embryo rescue technique has produced satisfactory results for obtaining such materials, especially in the semiarid region. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro development of intraspecific hybrids of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), derived from the rescue of immature embryos resultant from the crossing of “Superior Seedless” and “Thompson Seedless” Brazilian clones. To establish and develop the cultivation, the culture media was supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose, 0.1 g/L myo-inositol, 0.002 g/L glycine, 0.1 mg/L indoleacetic acid (IAA), 6.5 g/L of agar, adjusted pH to 5.7. The experiment was evaluated after 90 days. The variables measured were: number of nodes, number of leaves, plant height (cm), number of roots and length (cm) of the root system and internodes. The period of 60 days of in vitro culture of ovules resulted in the highest values of embryos (about 50%), as well as better characterized developmental stages with higher germination (47.3%). The three types of hybrid grapes evaluated in micropropagation showed very similar values of the measured parameters, even having originated from embryos of different developmental stages.
Highlights
The grapevine culture presents special economic and social importance in the Lower Basin of the São Francisco Valley, involving a large annual turnover meant for the domestic and foreign markets, especially standing out among the irrigated crops of the region, such as that presents the highest coefficient of direct and indirect jobs generation [1].The viticulture in the region has some specificity because of its adaptation and behavior in those different climatic conditions
The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro development of intraspecific grapevine hybrids (Vitis vinifera L.) originated from the “Superior Seedless” and “Thompson Seedless” varieties crosses, in order to generate new genotypes for the vine genetic breeding program
The grape hybrids used in this study were derived from the “Thompson Seedless” and “Superior Seedless” Brazilian clones crossing, obtained from cultivated plants in an experimental field of Embrapa Tropical Semiarid, according to the procedures proposed by [7]
Summary
The grapevine culture presents special economic and social importance in the Lower Basin of the São Francisco Valley, involving a large annual turnover meant for the domestic and foreign markets, especially standing out among the irrigated crops of the region, such as that presents the highest coefficient of direct and indirect jobs generation [1].The viticulture in the region has some specificity because of its adaptation and behavior in those different climatic conditions. The grapevine culture presents special economic and social importance in the Lower Basin of the São Francisco Valley, involving a large annual turnover meant for the domestic and foreign markets, especially standing out among the irrigated crops of the region, such as that presents the highest coefficient of direct and indirect jobs generation [1]. The spread is very fast and the first harvest begins in about eight months after the planting period. Considering that the cycle fluctuates around 120 days, it’s possible to obtain even two and a half harvests a year, through the watering management and by conducting programmed pruning. This region is the only one in Brazil that exports seedless grape
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