Abstract
The history of ancient Rome has been a set topic in Brazilian high schools since the nineteenth century, with a strong emphasis on two related themes: the Roman Empire and the rise of Christianity. This paper discusses how the schoolbooks currently in use in Brazil put forward a cohesive narrative in which Christianity appears as the only genuine religion in the Roman Empire, and, conversely, they downplay the historical significance of the other religions practiced in the Roman world. This paper, which builds on the methodological insights of Reception Studies, analyses the schoolbooks endorsed by the Brazilian government through the National Program of Schoolbooks (PNLD-2018) within the wider context of Brazilian political and religious traditions, and argues that the dominant teaching paradigm purposefully naturalises the Christian religious dominance in Brazil.
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