Imaging with nature: compressive imaging using a multiply scattering medium.

Antoine Liutkus,Sylvain Gigan,David Martina,Geoffroy Lerosey,Sébastien Popoff,Igor Carron,Gilles Chardon,Ori Katz,Laurent Daudet

doi:10.1038/srep05552

Abstract

The recent theory of compressive sensing leverages upon the structure of signals to acquire them with much fewer measurements than was previously thought necessary, and certainly well below the traditional Nyquist-Shannon sampling rate. However, most implementations developed to take advantage of this framework revolve around controlling the measurements with carefully engineered material or acquisition sequences. Instead, we use the natural randomness of wave propagation through multiply scattering media as an optimal and instantaneous compressive imaging mechanism. Waves reflected from an object are detected after propagation through a well-characterized complex medium. Each local measurement thus contains global information about the object, yielding a purely analog compressive sensing method. We experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for optical imaging by using a 300-micrometer thick layer of white paint as the compressive imaging device. Scattering media are thus promising candidates for designing efficient and compact compressive imagers.

Highlights

The recent theory of compressive sensing leverages upon the structure of signals to acquire them with much fewer measurements than was previously thought necessary, and certainly well below the traditional Nyquist-Shannon sampling rate
We experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for optical imaging by using a 300-micrometer thick layer of white paint as the compressive imaging device
In this study, we have demonstrated that a simple natural layer of multiply scattering material can be used to successfully perform compressive sensing

Summary

Imaging Using a Multiply Scattering

Antoine Liutkus[1,5], David Martina[1,4], Sebastien Popoff[1], Gilles Chardon[1,2], Ori Katz[1,4], Geoffroy Lerosey[1], Sylvain Gigan[1,4], Laurent Daudet1 & Igor Carron[3]. Whereas scattering is usually seen as a time-varying nuisance, for instance when imaging through turbid media[16], the recent results of wave control in stable complex material have largely demonstrated that it could be exploited, for example so as to build focusing systems that beat their coherent counterparts in terms of resolution[17,18]. Such complex and stable materials are readily available in several frequency ranges -they were even coined in as one-way physical functions for hardware cryptography[19]. The similar behavior confirms the results and discussions given in[22,24], and suggests that TMs are good candidates in a CS setup, as will be demonstrated below

Results and discussion

Conclusion

Author contributions

Additional information