Abstract
Currently, an increasing number of patients benefit from shoulder prosthesis implantation. Radiologists are therefore more often confronted with imaging examinations involving shoulder arthroplasty, whether during a dedicated examination or incidentally. Standard radiography is the first-line imaging modality in the follow-up of these implants, before the possible use of cross-sectional imaging modalities (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging), ultrasound, or nuclear medicine examinations. Shoulder arthroplasties are divided into three categories: reverse shoulder arthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, and partial shoulder joint replacement (including humeral hemiarthroplasty and humeral head resurfacing arthroplasty). Each of these prostheses can present complications, either shared by all types of arthroplasty or specific to each. Infection, periprosthetic fractures, humeral component loosening, heterotopic ossification, implant failure, and nerve injury can affect all types of prostheses. Instability, scapular notching, and acromial fractures can be identified after reverse shoulder arthroplasty implantation. Glenoid component loosening and rotator cuff tear are specific complications of total shoulder arthroplasty. Progressive wear of the native glenoid is the only specific complication observed in partial shoulder joint replacement. Knowledge of different types of shoulder prostheses and their complications’ radiological signs is crucial for the radiologist to initiate prompt and adequate management.
Highlights
In recent years, an increasing number of patients around the world benefit from the shoulder prostheses implantation
Three main types of shoulder arthroplasty may be encountered, each corresponding to specific clinical situations: reverse shoulder arthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, and partial shoulder joint replacement
The aim of this article is to offer an iconographic review of normal and pathological aspects of different shoulder prostheses, to familiarize and sensitize the radiologist to the various complications of these arthroplasties, whether shared or specific, that they may encounter in daily practice
Summary
Three main types of shoulder arthroplasty may be encountered, each corresponding to specific clinical situations: reverse shoulder arthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, and partial shoulder joint replacement. Shared complications by all types of shoulder prosthesis are rare but must imperatively be recognized early to initiate prompt and specific treatment. Glenoid component loosening is the most frequent complication of total shoulder arthroplasty. The most common complication after reverse shoulder arthroplasty is instability, ordinarily in an anterosuperior direction. Progressive wear of the native glenoid is the sole complication of partial shoulder joint replacement
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