Abstract
We analyzed the localization of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (Re-CoQ10), in mouse brain sections using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) to evaluate the effect of dietary Re-CoQ10 in mouse brain. Mice were orally administered Re-CoQ10 for 14 days and brain Re-CoQ10 content was subsequently quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. IMS was employed to visualize Re-CoQ10 at a resolution of 150 μm in the mouse brain. Increased Re-CoQ10 was observed in the corpus callosum, hippocampus, midbrain, cerebellum, brain stem, substantia nigra and striatum. These regions are related to movement, memory and vital life functions. Thus, we demonstrated the effect of Re-CoQ10 administration on the specific localization of Re-CoQ10 in the brain.
Highlights
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is widely known as a dietary supplement that promotes health functions as well as clinical benefits for cardiac and neurodegenerative diseases
We selected four different ions that correspond to Re-CoQ9 [m/z 814.63; retention time (RT): 1.5 min], Re-CoQ10 (m/z 882.74; RT: 2.7 min), Ox-CoQ9 (m/z 812.63; RT: 3.2 min) and Ox-CoQ10 (m/z 880.70; RT: 4.3 min). These retention times are reasonable for reversed-phase LC because the method is dependent on molecular hydrophobicity, which is affected by the chain length and redox state of ubiquinone
CoQs were quantified using a standard method based on peak area
Summary
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC- MS) for quantitative analysis of Coenzyme Qs in mouse brain. No differences were observed for the other CoQs, Re-CoQ9 tended to be increased in Re-CoQ10-treated mice This result indicates that Re-Co10 administration directly affects Re-CoQ10 concentration in the brain. Normalized ion intensity (right-most panels, Fig. 3) in whole brain sections of Re-CoQ10-treated mice increased 4-fold compared to that in control mice (Fig. 3c,d). Oral administration of Re-CoQ10 resulted in progressive increases in Re-CoQ10 in brain regions associated with the maintenance of life as well as movement, information processing and memory. This finding suggested that abundant supply of Re-CoQ10 resulted in Re-CoQ10 distribution to significant areas requiring energy while remaining at the usual site (OT). As Re-CoQ10 localization was readily visualized by IMS, we anticipate this technique will facilitate investigation of brain activity in fields of healthcare, neurochemistry and pathology
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