Abstract
In this review we summarize the current evidence on the role of PET/CT with different probes for radioembolization therapy monitoring in HCC patients. Typical clinical examples are also provided to underline the utility of choline PET in this context. PubMed database was searched from 2000 until March 2020. Overall, 11C-acetate and radiolabeled choline PET have a higher sensitivity in the diagnosis of primary or recurrent HCC as compared to 18F-FDG. On the other hand, 18F-FDG PET/CT can provide useful prognostic information, especially for palliative treatments. Radiolabeled choline better predicts response to loco-regional treatment and provides a better differentiation of disease recurrence from treatment-related changes, as compared to other morphological imaging. HCC staging is better performed with PET/CT, thus allowing for a more adequate selection of patients candidate to transarterial radioembolization.
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