Imaging Domains in a Zero-Moment Half Metal

Abstract

We have a choice of methods for examining domains at the surface of a ferromagnet that depend on probing the stray field distribution, but these methods do not work in antiferromagnets or compensated ferrimagnets, which produce no stray field. The discovery of compensated ferrimagnetic half metals allows for the local magnetization state to be observed directly with polarized light. The example considered here, Mn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Ru <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Ga, has two inequivalent but oppositely aligned Mn sublattices with equal and opposite moments, but only one of them contributes spin-polarized conduction electrons at the Fermi energy. The material looks like an antiferromagnet from the outside, but from the point of view of the electronic structure, it resembles a spin-polarized ferromagnetic metal. The anisotropy axis is perpendicular to the film plane, which allows domains to be imaged directly by polar magneto-optic Kerr effect. The domain structure in a film with a composition of Mn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Ru <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.4</sub> Ga has been imaged in a Kerr microscope and hysteresis loops have been traced. Domains have dimensions of order 20 μm with meandering domain walls and a fractal dimension D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</sub> = 1.85. Our results open new direct imaging possibilities of magnetically ordered materials with no net moment.