Abstract
The present study on the topic “Imagination and thematic reality in the African novel: a new vision to African novelists” aims to show the limitation of the contribution of the African literary works to the good governance and development process of African countries through the thematic choices and to propose a new vision in relation to those thematic choices and to the structural organisation of those literary works. The study is carried out through the theory of narratology by Genette (1980) and the narrative study by Chatman (1978) as applied to the novels by Chinua Achebe, essentially on the notion of order by Genette and the elements of a narrative by Chatman. It is a thematic and structural analysis that helps the researcher to be aware of the limitation of the contribution of African fiction to the good governance of African States and their real development, for the reason that themes and the structural organisation of those works are past-oriented. In such a context, readers are supposed to decode the different messages so as to put forth the necessary behaviour from the depicted ones. But, when one compares the literary effort of the novelists with the actual positive change, one realises that the gap is still obvious. This brought the researcher to the proposal of a new thematic orientation that does not depict societal misbehaviour but rather builds an ideal society in which the character embodies what the African society should be, African society which is here our particular concern so as to be able to make up the challenge of globalisation. This is not to deny the “fictionality” of the novels, but to reinforce it with stories that are not only past-oriented. This change may constitute a new source of attraction for African future literary works.
Highlights
The notion of theme in relation with a fictional work is the indispensable stepping stone to coherence, to communicability and to the entire writing approach
The writing shift made by Achebe in the organisation of his vision about Africa in relation with Africa and with the Western is the evidence that African fiction can be reoriented to a prosperous productive Africa
The analysis about the three periods relative to the thematic contents of most of the novels produced by Africans led to the conclusion that they are essentially concerned with the reaction against some allegation concerning African reality as presented by the white, the same reality as presented by Africans and their disillusionment about their deeds after the departure of the white, deeds that do not meet the expectations of the African peoples
Summary
The notion of theme in relation with a fictional work is the indispensable stepping stone to coherence, to communicability and to the entire writing approach. The concept of theme, in the space of the work, is one of the meaning units, one of the categories of the presence acknowledged as being active Defined this way, the theme designates, in a work, all that is a peculiarly significant indication of a world existent created by the writer. The different efforts deployed by African novelists in their role of “teachers” and their will of arousing consciousness did not succeed in boosting African development as expected though democracy is steadily overpowering the denounced autocratic rules It is for this reason that I carried out the present analysis so as to indicate a new vision that should govern the thematic choices by African writers, without inhibiting the “fictionality” of their works, in order to and efficiently boost Africa in its development.
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