Images thresholding using ISODATA technique with gamma distribution

Abstract

Image segmentation is a fundamental step in many applications of image processing. Many image segmentation techniques exist based on different methods such as classification-based methods, edge-based methods, region-based methods, and hybrid methods. The principal approach of segmentation is based on thresholding (classification) that is related to thresholds estimation problem. The ISODATA (Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Technique) method is one of the classification-based methods in image segmentation. We assumed that the data in images is modeled by Gamma distribution. The objective of this paper is to explain a new method that combines Gamma distribution with the technique of ISODATA. The algorithm has two phases: splitting using Gamma distribution then merging which are done based on some predefined parameters. Experimental results showed good segmentation for artificial and real images.