Abstract
The stroma of the heart maintains the structure of the myocardium, determining tissue tensile strength and stiffness.1 In addition, it contributes to ventricular function through the transmission of myocyte-generated force to the atrial and ventricular chambers and to the relengthening of myocytes in diastole.2 The three-dimensional configuration of cardiac collagen has been determined by scanning electron microscopy3 4 5 : the epimysium envelops the entire cardiac muscle; the perimysium, which is an extension of the epimysium, serves to enwrap groups of myocytes; and the endomysium, as final arborization of the perimysium, supports and connects individual cells. The endomysial weave envelops each individual myocyte and is …
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