Abstract
RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a imagem de ultrassonografia do movimento de língua durante a produção de oclusivas alveolares e velares, pré e pós-terapia de fala. Um menino com cinco anos de idade e diagnóstico de desvio fonológico, apresentando o processo de anteriorização de oclusivas velares, participou da presente pesquisa. Foram coletados os dados articulatórios (imagem de ultrassom do movimento de língua) e perceptivo auditivo dos fones [t], [d], [k] e [g], antes e após 25 sessões de terapia. Quanto aos resultados obtidos no momento pré-terapia, aparentemente, foi detectada uma indiferenciação gestual ao serem observadas as três repetições da curva de língua das oclusivas velares, sugerindo a presença de uma dependência entre os articuladores de ponta e corpo de língua. No momento pós-terapia, uma mudança na configuração do gesto de língua de [k] e [g] foi verificada. As curvas passaram a apresentar uma posteriorização do movimento de língua, sincronicamente com uma elevação do seu corpo, concordando com o padrão adulto. Dessa forma, os achados de ultrassonografia foram capazes de evidenciar uma possível superação da estratégia de anteriorização de oclusivas velares, detectada em análise perceptiva auditiva inicial. Além disso, estes resultados pareceram reforçar a ideia de contrastes encobertos na fala de crianças com desvio fonológico.
Highlights
Speech data analysis has received, lately, contribution by instrumental apparatus such as spectrography, ultrasound and palatography
In relation to the data obtained through Children Phonological Assessment (CPA), or from auditory perceptive analysis of C.’s speech, it was identified, before therapy, the presence of velar stops anteriorization (/k/à[t] and /g/à[d]), and other repair strategies
In relation to the stops /k/ and /g/, auditorily produced as /t/ and /d/, it was detected indifferentiation of tongue gestures, suggesting dependence between articulators of tongue tip and body. This finding was observed in all three tongue curve repetitions related to the production of both velar stops (Figures 4 and 5)
Summary
Speech data analysis has received, lately, contribution by instrumental apparatus such as spectrography, ultrasound and palatography. The use of technology has propitiated more accurate and reliable interpretation of typical and atypical speech data[1,2,3]. Phonological disorders are defined as deficit in one of the language subsystems, characterized by difficulty of speech sounds organization, concerning the phonological system[4]. Children who present these phonology disorders use repair strategies for longer period of time in comparison with children with typical phonological development[5]. The repair strategies are mechanisms used by children during their phonological development, as an attempt to produce segments and/or syllabic structures which they do not know or whose production they do not control[5]. Studies indicate that as higher the disorder severity, higher is the number of used repair strategies (for example, devoicing, anteriorization and cluster reduction)[5,6]
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