Image‐Integration of Intraprocedural Rotational Angiography‐Based 3D Reconstructions of Left Atrium and Pulmonary Veins into Electroanatomical Mapping: Accuracy of a Novel Modality in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation

Abstract

Exact visualization of complex left atrial (LA) anatomy is crucial for safety and success rates when performing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of our study was to validate the accuracy of integrating rotational angiography-based 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of LA and pulmonary vein (PV) anatomy into an electroanatomical mapping (EAM) system. In 38 patients (62 +/- 8 years, 25 females) undergoing catheter ablation of paroxysmal (n = 19) or persistent (n = 19) AF, intraprocedural rotational angiography of LA and PVs was performed. The subsequent 3D reconstruction and segmentation of LA and PVs was transferred to the EAM system and registered to the EAM. The distances of all EAM points to corresponding points on the LA syngo DynaCT Cardiac surface were calculated. Segmentation of LA with clear visualization of adjacent structures was possible in all patients. Also, the integrated segmentation of the LA was used to guide the encirclement of ipsilateral veins, which resulted in PV isolation in all patients. Integration into the 3D mapping system was achieved with a distance error of 2.2 +/- 0.4 mm when compared with the EAM surface. Subgroups with paroxysmal and persistent AF showed distance errors of 2.3 +/- 0.3 mm and 2.1 +/- 0.4 mm, respectively (P = n.s.). Intraprocedural registration of LA and PV anatomy by contrast enhanced rotational angiography was feasible and accurate. There were no differences between patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF. Therefore, integration of rotational angiography-based reconstructions into 3D EAM systems might be helpful to guide catheter ablation for AF.