Abstract
Special imaging problems arise in mammography since the conditions are quite different from those in other fields of radiology. The differences in attenuation of the various soft tissue structures in the female breast are small, and it is necessary to use X-rays with low photon energy in order to get a sufficiently high contrast in the mammographic film. Jennings and Fewell (1979) examined the relative exposure necessary to achieve a constant signal-to-noise ratio for various photon energies. They found a minimum at approximately 20 keV, when glandular tissue in the breast was imaged. Moreover, small details such as microcalcifications may have diameters no larger than 0.1 mm and can only be imaged using a system with high spatial resolution. Although microcalcifications have high attenuation, their small dimensions along the direction of the X-ray beam reduce their attenuation so that it is necessary to use a system giving high contrast.
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