Abstract
In digital holography holograms are recorded by a CCD and image reconstruction is performed by a computer. It is free from tedious photographic processing and delivers three-dimensional distributions of both amplitude and phase quantitatively. Its main limitation that is caused by much lower resolution of CCDs than photographic materials has been substantially overcome by phase-shifting digital holography that reduces the spatial frequency of hologram by employing the in-line setup and directly evaluates complex amplitude at the CCD plane to eliminate the conjugate image appearing in the off-axis setup. In this paper we describe its basic principle and applications with emphasis on image formation and measurements of shape and deformation of diffusely reflecting surfaces in comparison with conventional holographic interferometry and electronic speckle pattern interferometry.
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