Abstract
This paper describes an image enhancement method of computational reconstruction for 3-D images with multiple parallax image arrays in diffraction grating imaging. A 3-D imaging system via a diffraction grating provides a parallax image array (PIA) which is a set of perspective images of 3-D objects. The parallax images obtained from diffraction grating imaging are free from optical aberrations such as spherical aberrations that are always involved in the 3-D imaging via a lens array. The diffraction grating imaging system for 3-D imaging also can be made at a lower cost system than a camera array system. However, the parallax images suffer from the speckle noise due to a coherent source; also, the noise degrades image quality in 3-D imaging. To remedy this problem, we propose a 3-D computational reconstruction method based on multiple parallax image arrays which are acquired by moving a diffraction grating axially. The proposed method consists of a spatial filtering process for each PIA and an overlapping process. Additionally, we provide theoretical analyses through geometric and wave optics. Optical experiments are conducted to evaluate our method. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method is superior to the existing method in 3-D imaging using a diffraction grating.
Highlights
Three-dimensional imaging and sensing for 3-D objects have played an important role in the fields of 3-D data processing, 3-D profiling, 3-D display, and so on [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
We propose a computational 3-D reconstruction method to reduce the speckle noise in diffraction grating imaging via multiple parallax image arrays
To reconstruct a 3-D image from the multiple parallax image array (PIA) captured by our pickup process, we propose spatial-filtering on each PIA, using a delta function array to reduce the speckle noise
Summary
Three-dimensional imaging and sensing for 3-D objects have played an important role in the fields of 3-D data processing, 3-D profiling, 3-D display, and so on [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Diffraction grating imaging has no optical aberrations that are always involved in lens array-based methods, and the captured PIAs can be high-resolution [15,16]. It has the great advantage of a single optical element used for PIA generation. We propose a computational 3-D reconstruction method to reduce the speckle noise in diffraction grating imaging via multiple parallax image arrays. The spatial filtering for n number of PIAs generates n number reconstructed images for an object image Those reconstructed images are accumulated to produce an overall 3-D image; this image has reduced speckle noise, increased dynamic range, and enhanced resolution. The results are provided to compare our method with the existing method
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