Image cryptographic algorithm based on the Haar wavelet transform

Abstract

Lossless encryption methods are more applicable than lossy encryption methods when marginal distortion is not tolerable. In this research, the authors propose a novel lossless symmetric key encryption/decryption technique. In the proposed algorithm, the image is transformed into the frequency domain using the Haar wavelet transform, then the image sub-bands are encrypted in a such way that guarantees a secure, reliable, and an unbreakable form. The encryption involves scattering the distinguishable frequency data in the image using a reversible weighting factor amongst the rest of the frequencies. The algorithm is designed to shuffle and reverse the sign of each frequency in the transformed image before the image frequencies are transformed back to the pixel domain. The results show a total deviation in pixel values between the original and encrypted image. The decryption algorithm reverses the encryption process and restores the image to its original form. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using standard security and statistical methods; results show that the proposed work is resistant to most known attacks and more secure than other algorithms in the cryptography domain.