Abstract
Increased Nuchal Translucency is an indicator of increased risk for Down syndrome, which is identified by measuring Nuchal Translucency from ultrasound fetal images during 11 to 13 +6 weeks of gestation. Increased NT is associated with chromosomal abnormalities. In this study an efficient classification system based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is proposed to detect the normal and abnormal images with NT. Feature extraction is an essential pre-processing step for pattern recognition and machine learning problems. In order to classify the ultrasound image accurately, the texture features must be extracted effectively. In the proposed system, wavelet band signature, energy is used as features to classify the ultrasound image for the detection of Down syndrome using Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The experimental results of pre diagnosed database with Discrete wavelet Transform and SVM classifier give best results for classification of Down Syndrome images with Normal NT and abnormal NT.
Highlights
Medical imaging technology has revolutionized health care around the world
Down syndrome or Trisomy 21 is a chromosomal disorders of Babies with an extra chromosome #21 (Kagan et al, 2008) which is caused by an error in cell division that results in an extra 21st chromosome
This study offers a normative data of fetal Nuchal Translucency (NT) thickness in normal pregnancy, which can be used as a reference for screening chromosomal abnormalities or other congenital abnormalities in the first trimester
Summary
Medical imaging technology has revolutionized health care around the world. The medical imaging plays a vital role in diagnosis of diseases. Down syndrome or Trisomy 21 is a chromosomal disorders of Babies with an extra chromosome #21 (Kagan et al, 2008) which is caused by an error in cell division that results in an extra 21st chromosome. Chromosomal disorders cause birth defects and mental retardation. Down syndrome can be detected before the baby is born through a series of prenatal tests. The types of prenatal tests include screening tests and diagnostic tests. Prenatal Screening tests include Ultrasound, First trimester screening is to determine if the baby has an increased risk of Down syndrome. Diagnostic tests determine if the baby has, or will develop after birth, a genetic condition. Prenatal diagnostic tests include Ultrasound, Chorionic Villus sampling and Amniocentesis
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