Abstract

Correlation using binary images is suited to efficient digital realization or convenient optical implementation. Binarization algorithms are required in order to match grayscale imagery to these binary corre- lation architectures. We present several novel point-wise and block-wise binarization techniques all of which outperform the grayscale matched filter for large values of input signal-to-noise ratio (SNR50 dB). We dis- cuss direct binarization methods based on global thresholds, local thresholds, histogram equalization, edge-enhancement, and statistical binarization, as well as indirect methods based on auto- and cross- correlation techniques. These point-wise methods are shown to offer poor noise tolerance and a new block-wise binarization method is intro- duced to enhance recognition at low values of SNR. This block-wise technique is motivated by vector quantization-based image compression and offers performance superior to the grayscale matched filter for an input SNR as low as 212 dB. © 1999 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (S0091-3286(99)02611-2)

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