Image and Video Processing for Defect Detection in Key Infrastructure

Abstract

In addition to causing damage to vehicles, road defects are one of the main causes of vehicle accidents which lead to loss of human lives. Many methods of detecting defects have been introduced over the years to reduce the consequences of these defects. One of these methods is image processing. Use of image and video processing has many applications in medicine, science, agriculture, and defect detection in structures. It has been used for defect detection on roads because timely detection and analysis of defect is very important for road serviceability and safety of the people. Detection of a defect by image processing broadly follows some of the basic steps which include feature extraction, edge detection, morphological operators, and training of data. Different approaches are used for various kinds of defect detection and analysis which have replaced the manual inspection method of roads saving time and resources. This chapter discusses the basic steps involved in defect detection using image processing along with existing systems that use machine learning and artificial intelligence for the detection of defects from a distance. To write this chapter, papers on the topic of image and computer vision-based defect detection systems have been consulted.