Abstract
Structural health monitoring techniques have been applied to several important structures and infrastructure facilities, such as buildings, bridges, and power plants. For buildings, accelerometers are commonly used for monitoring the accelerations induced by ambient vibration to analyze the structural natural frequencies for further system identification and damage detection. However, due to the relatively high cost of the accelerometers and data acquisition systems, accelerometer-based structural health monitoring systems are challenging to deploy in general buildings. This study proposed an image analysis-based building deformation monitoring method that integrates a small single-board computer, computer vision techniques, and a single-camera multiple degree-of-freedom algorithm. In contrast to other vision-based systems that use multiple expensive cameras, this method is designed for a single camera configuration to simplify the installation and maintenance procedures for practical applications. It is designed to monitor the inter-story drifts and torsional responses between the ceiling and floor of a story that is being monitored in a building, aiming to maximize the monitored structural responses. A series of 1:10 reduced scale static and dynamic structural experiments demonstrated that the proposed method and the device prototype are capable of analyzing images and structural responses with an accuracy of 0.07 and 0.3 mm from the results of the static and dynamic experiments, respectively. As digital imaging technology has been developing dramatically, the accuracy and the sampling rates of this method can be improved accordingly with the development of the required hardware, making this method practically feasible for an increasing number of applications for building structural monitoring.
Highlights
Structural health monitoring is capable of sensing structural damage by detecting minor variations in structural vibration characteristics or deformation, providing a chance for early warning and the minimization of further damage
For the health monitoring of the first floor, the ground floor and its ceiling, which are transparently colored in Figure 1, are assumed to be rigid diaphragms
0.1 mm0.1 error is equivalent to 0.1 pixels of positioning positioning error in image point tracking and is equivalent to a 0.025% inter-story drift ratio, or a 1error in image point tracking and is equivalent to a 0.025% inter-story drift ratio, or a 1-mm accuracy if mm accuracy if the specimen is scaled to full scale, which is relatively small
Summary
Structural health monitoring is capable of sensing structural damage by detecting minor variations in structural vibration characteristics or deformation, providing a chance for early warning and the minimization of further damage. The health of structures such as buildings and bridges can be degraded by the natural aging of materials, inter-material bonding, and connections and by over-weighting, natural hazards such as earthquakes, or improper renovations. The degradation of the structure may induce a change in the natural frequencies and vibration modes of the structure or induce slight deformation of the structure. Most of the changes in the vibrational characteristics and deformation of structures are typically not observed by humans, yet they can be detected by the.
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