Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS)

Abstract

Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) is an overuse injury caused by ripetitive friction of the iliotibial band and underlying bursa or lateral synovial recess across the lateral femoral epicondyle. ITBS is a well known cause of lateral knee pain in endurance sports and particularly in long distance runners. Friction occurs near foot strike, predominantly in the foot contact phase at, or slightly below, 30° of knee flexion. The development of ITBS is usually caused by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and it must be evaluated also the biomechanics of running and the training program. Imaging (MRI, sonography) is not usually required to confirm the diagnosis of ITBS. The conservative treatment includes activity modification, soft tissue therapy, electrotherapeutic modalities, corticosteroid injection and correction of the biomechanical abnormalities. The personal ITB surgical release, performed by the authors, may be indicated if the conservative management fails and it is a safe procedure to return to practice sports at the same level.