Abstract
Aim:The present study was aimed to elucidate the histomorphology of ileal and jejunal Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of buffalo calves and their structural comparison.Materials and Methods:The study was conducted on neonatal (n=10) and pre-pubertal (n=10) buffalo calves. The age of the postnatal buffalo calves was estimated by their temporary and permanent dentition.Results:The study revealed that several layers of oval to elongate elliptical lymphoid follicles were observed in submucosa on the anti-mesenteric side in the ileum of early neonatal calves. However, the follicles at this age, in jejunum were of all shapes present within one layer. The interfollicular space was occupied by the interfollicular tissue, which was diffuse and wider around jejunal lymphoid follicles as compared to ileal lymphoid follicles. However, toward the pubertal stage, the number of layers of lymphoid follicles was reduced in ileum due to involution while it remained similar in number in jejunum at this stage.Conclusion:The ileal Peyer’s patches were found to have started involution more or less around reaching puberty, whereas the jejunal Peyer’s patches appear to be functional throughout the lifespan of the animal.
Highlights
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract in mammals, performs the main role of nutrient absorption in digestion, but it represents a key interface between external environment and internal environment of host body
They were opened along the mesenteric attachment and intestinal walls were examined closely to trace the outline of the lymphoid tissue in jejunum and ileum
The tissue samples were obtained from part of ileum and jejunum containing lymphoid tissue and processed for paraffin blocks preparation by acetone-benzene schedule [5] and sections of 5-6 μm were obtained on glass slides with rotary microtome
Summary
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract in mammals, performs the main role of nutrient absorption in digestion, but it represents a key interface between external environment and internal environment of host body. As alimentary tract has the highest microflora; it is important to differentiate potentially harmful pathogens from resident normal gut microflora. The gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) acts to protect the animal and generate an immune response against the foreign antigens entering the alimentary tract. GALT is, one of the largest lymphoid organs in the body comprising 70% of the body’s lymphoid tissue. Since GI tract contains more antibody producing cells than in spleen and lymph nodes combined, it generates immune response by sampling foreign antigens from the lumen [1,2]. The immunoglobulin-A secreted by the intestine is added directly into the lumen
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