Ilae classification of seizures and antiepileptic medications apothegmatic: hereafter advancement and clinical practice

Abstract

Introduction: The Antiepileptic medications are frequently categorized into divisions such as ‘first-generation’ (i.e., carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, and valproate) and ‘second-generation’ (lamotrigine, levetiracetam, felbamate, gabapentin, topiramate, tiagabine, oxycarbazepine, zonisamide, and pregabalin). Chronic phenytoin ingestion leads to its impact in the cerebral cortex, resulting in atrophy of cerebellum, cause ataxia and nystagmus. Objective: To recapitulate the International league against epilepsy classifications, first treatment for epilepsy based on their classifications, antiepileptic medications adverse drug reaction, Methodology: The author used 74 distinctive published articles for the accomplishment of this review article. Google search engine was used for accessing published articles from databases like Google Scholar, Research Gate, PubMed, NCBI, NDSS, PMID, PMCID, Cochrane Database and CLINMED international library. Findings: Tonic-clonic is characterized by stiffness for loss of consciousness occurred by tonic extension and rhythmic clonic contractions of all considerable muscle groups. Antiepileptic drugs are implicitly an effective treatment for patient with epilepsy. Carbamazepine cause serious and sometimes fatal dermatologic reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis and stevens-johnson syndrome, aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis, Suicidal Behavior and Ideation, Stevens johnson syndrome, cholestatic jaundice, ataxia, xerostomia, speech disturbances, feeling sleepy Conclusion: Commonly happening side-effects of AEDs are memory troubles, exhaustion, tremors, gastrointestinal symptoms, osteoporosis, depression, drowsiness, dizziness, weight change, nausea. In generalized seizures, on the other hand, the seizure is generalized from the endeavor (i.e., primary generalized seizures), launching in both hemispheres of the brain contemporaneously