Abstract
The article traces a brief profile of Xenophon's influence in the History of Economic Thought, in particular in Marx's labour theory. Some passages from Xenophon’s works are presented, from which the idea of an embryonic division of labour emerges, as well as the proposal to free citizens to carry out manual activities in order to face the economic hardship following the Peloponnesian War. In this perspective manual tasks as well are not to be seen as unworthy of a free man.
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