IJCM_4A: Factors associated with Emergency Caesarean Section in Tertiary Care Hospitals in Mangalore– A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Background: Maternity hospitals everywhere are seeing a rise in the trend of Caesarean deliveries, the indications for which are varied and could be maternal, fetal or fetomaternal. The objective of the study was to find out the factors associated with the indications for emergency Caesarean sections. Methodology: Retrospective case-control study conducted in Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Attavar and Govt. Lady Goschen Hospital, Mangalore, among women who underwent caesarean sections as cases, and equal number of age matched women who underwent normal deliveries as controls, a total sample size of 70, during the study period 12th April 2016 to 22nd April 2016. A questionnaire was used to collect details including the social- demographic details, antenatal history, and indications for caesarean section. Results: The study showed that 37.1% of women who underwent emergency LSCS were ≤25 years, 34.3% were between 26-30 years, and 28.6% were ≥31 years. Regarding occupation 88.6%of our cases did non strenuous work whereas 11.4% did strenuous work(manual labourer). 20% of our cases were vegetarians and 80% consumed a mixed diet. 71.4% cases were primigravids and 28.6% were non primis. Regarding antenatal visits 85.7% who underwent emergency LSCS made regular antenatal visits and 14.3% were irregular. Conclusion: Among the women that underwent full term vaginal delivery (FTVD), it was observed that they did moderate physical work. Older women (above 30 years) were observed to have undergone emergency LSCS rather than vaginal deliveries. It was seen that most of the women who had a full-term vaginal delivery consumed a mixed diet. Those who underwent emergency LSCS were observed to be mostly primigravida and primipara.