IJCM_201A: Understanding psychological stress in working women: A cross-sectional study in Mangalore

Abstract

Background: Stress is defined by American Psychological Association is “Any uncomfortable emotional experience accompanied by predictable biochemical, physiological and behavioral changes.” It is a feeling of being overwhelmed, worried or run-down. Stress affects people of all ages, gender and circumstances and can lead to both physical and psychological health issues. Social contexts and family structures are particularly impacted by stress in women. This study aims to assess the levels of stress and associated factors of stress among working women in Mangalore. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 298 working women, who were managerial staff/Clerical staff recruited from 2 Banks, 2 shopping malls, health care workers from 2 hospitals and doctors/ clerical staff from Medical College, Mangalore. Data was collected using a semi- structured questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics and perceived stress scale and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Results were expressed in mean (standard deviation) and proportion. For comparison across the groups chi-square test was used. A ‘p’ value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 298 women surveyed, 3.4% were found to be highly stressed, 83.9% were moderately stressed. Significant stress determinants were found to be associated with age, education, occupation, years of work experience and marital status- where the association is statistically significant. Working women prefer to go for leisure activities like outing with friends and family to reduce stress while other activities like smoking and alcohol consumption were least popular among the study participants. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the critical elements—age, education, employment, job experience, and years since marriage—that significantly influence women’s stress levels. Furthermore, it highlights that for working women, entertainment is the main way to decompress, and employers need to take note of this to help staff members maintain a healthy work-life balance.