IGNIFICANCE OF INHERITED SOIL PEDOGENIC ASPECTS AS RELATED TO SOME NUTRIENTS STATUS IN BOTH SOILS AND GROWN PLANTS AT EL FAYOUM AREA, EGYPT

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In the current study, a special attention was focused to identify theinherited soil pedogenic aspects in a selected area of El-Fayoum district, Egypt,which were achieved through the different cyclic-sequences of soil formationby using the obtained data from Enhanced Images of Landsat Thematic Mapper7 of the bands 2, 3 and 4 (ETM7, 2005), which are processed within thegeographic software. Such step represents a base for assessing the soilpotentiality for essential plant nutrients, and in turn the sustainable agricultureon the long-term. The second attention was focused for setting up database ofwheat yield and its components as an indicator plant, through studying thegrowth parameters/plant at vegetative stage (i.e., height, dry weight, tillernumber, leaf area, chlorophyll a & b and nutrients uptake), biological yield andgrain quality at harvest stage (i.e., spike characters, weight of 1000 grain, grainor straw yields/fed as well as grain content of protein, carbohydrates, sugarsand amino acids) as affected by the studied soil properties (i.e., texture grade,bulk density, available water, CaCO3, organic matter, ESP, pH and ECe) underdifferent cyclic-sequences of the deposited soil constituents. Such possiblerelationships are usually used as a guide to explain and correct the problemsfacing the current and future agricultural utilization projects, particularlyfertilization policy. Consequently, proposing the best landuse whether be underdemand for agricultural purposes or be planned for later on.The obtained results showed that the identified soil characteristics of thestudied area are markedly varied and depending upon the soil genesis status.Consequently, the essential plant nutrient contents of the soil, either in total oravailable forms, as related to soil genesis and main characteristics wereexhibited widely variations. Hence, building a geographic database for the mainsoil characteristics was established by using ILWIS software within CISformat. On the other hand, the statistical analyses, i.e., simple correlationcoefficients, multiple regression equations and stepwise, were distinguishedby aiding the program outlined by SPSS (2003) software for assessing thedifferent relationships between the studied soil variables and plant nutrientswhether as total and available contents. Moreover, the contribution percentagesof either soil constituents with the studied total nutrient contents or the studiedsoil variables with the available nutrient fractions were defined.The positive or negative reflections of the aforementioned soilrelationships on the plant parameters of grown wheat (Sakha 93 cv.) at bothvegetative growth and harvest stages during an agricultural growing winterseason of 2009/2010 for selected nine soil sites were also taken intoconsideration in this study. The results obtained indicate that such soilrelationships are exerted a great beneficial effect on the studied plantparameters at both growth and harvest stages of wheat crop in soilcharacterized by best soil variables, that having a pronounced content ofnutrient-bearing minerals as well as factors that are enhancing more released nutrients and their solubilization from both sources of native or added aswell the favourable biological conditions that are keeping them in availableforms for extended period and their mobility for uptake by plant roots. Thereverse was true for soils have adverse soil variables, particularly those arepoorer in nutrient-bearing minerals and exhibited adverseable conditionsthat are controlling released nutrients and their availability for uptake byplant roots.