Abstract
Mother’s milk provides breast-fed infants with various nutrients, including peptides, proteins, DNA, RNA, antibodies, and other bioactive components promoting neonatal growth and protecting infants from viral and bacterial infection. The functions of many human milk components regarding the nutrition and protection of newborns may be very different compared to those of various biological fluids of healthy adults. For example, human milk contains catalytic antibodies (abzymes) with protein, lipid, and oligosaccharide kinase activities, which are absent in the biological fluids of healthy people and autoimmune patients. Obviously, the nutrition of infants with fresh breast milk is a special phenomenon having a very specific and important role. Here, we have shown that mother’s milk IgGs effectively split homo-(pN)23, and four miRNAs: miR-137, miR-219a-5p, miR-219-2-3p, and miR-9-5p. It was shown that ribonuclease activity is a unique property of milk IgGs. On average, individual IgGs hydrolyze (pA)23, (pU)23, and (pC)23 nonspecifically and with comparable efficiency, whereas the hydrolysis of four miRNAs is predominately site-specific. The specific sites of the hydrolysis of four miRNAs by IgGs from the blood of schizophrenic (SCZ) patients and secretory immunoglobulins A (sIgAs) from human milk were found earlier. The sites of the hydrolysis of four miRNAs by milk IgGs and sIgA-abzymes are almost the same, but are significantly different in comparison with those for SCZ IgGs. In addition, in contrast to the SCZ IgGs, milk IgGs and sIgAs efficiently hydrolyzed miRNAs in the duplex regions formed by their terminal sequences.
Highlights
Mammalian milk contains various components: RNAs, DNAs, antibodies (Abs), proteins, peptides, etc. [1,2,3]
Homogeneous immunoglobulin G (IgG) were purified from seven milk samples by affinity chromatography of milk plasma proteins, first on Protein G-Sepharose, and by FPLC gel filtration in the buffer, effectively destroying immune complexes, as described in [29,30,31,32,33]
We have shown that human milk IgGs evince specific miRNAs-hydrolyzing activities
Summary
Mammalian milk contains various components: RNAs, DNAs, antibodies (Abs), proteins, peptides, etc. [1,2,3]. Antibodies (Abs) to stable analogs of chemical reaction transition states and natural immunoglobulins (Ig) of living organisms with catalytic activities are called abzymes (ABZs) and are described in the literature [4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. The blood of patients with autoimmune diseases (AIDs) usually contains various auto-Abs-abzymes hydrolyzing many different compounds. They can be Igs directly to antigens, mimicking the transition states of chemical reactions or secondary anti-idiotypic antibodies-abzymes against active centers of enzymes ([4,5,6,7,8,9] and references therein)
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