IgA, IgG 1, IgG 2, IgM, and BSA in serum and mammary secretion throughout lactation

Abstract

Bovine IgG 1, IgG 2, IgA, and IgM were measured in the serum and lacteal secretions of six cows from 10 days prepartum to 240 days of lactation. Immunoglobulins in lacteal secretions were expressed in units of concentration (mg/ml) as well as in total daily output. All isotypes were selectively accumulated during colostrum formation. The rate of IgG 1 accumulation decreased rapidly after calving; this decrease corresponded to a return to normal serum levels of this immunoglobulin. Selective accumulation of IgA > IgM > IgG 1 was maintained throughout lactation, but IgG 2 showed no selective accumulation beyond 5 days postpartum. In serum, IgA and IgM levels were elevated at parturition and showed a significant decrease postpartum. Increases in serum IgA levels 60 days postpartum corresponded to a rise in lacteal concentration. The concentration of all immunoglobulins increased during late lactation, coincident with a major reduction in milk yield. Six strains of mastitis-causing organisms were cultured during the period of the experiment; however, none resulted in clinical mastitis or showed an effect on immunoglobulin secretion.